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【导读】华图宁夏教师招聘考试网同步未知发布:2020年教师招聘考试英语——代词考点概述(一),详细信息请阅读下文!如有疑问请加【2024宁夏教师招聘考试微信号】 ,更多资讯请关注宁夏教师微信公众号(ningxiajsht),宁夏教师招聘考试咨询电话:18295188220, 微信号:HT15202602573本文地址:https://nx.huatu.com/2020/0305/1525234.html
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代词考点概述(一)
一、概念
代词是代替名词的词, 按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等。
二、考察方式
在考题中主要以客观题为主,如单项选择、完形填空。此外,写作和翻译句式表达中要注意冠词的正确运用。
三、相关知识点精讲
1.人称代词
1)人称代词的人称、数和格:
单数:
主格:I/you/he/she/it
宾格:me/you/him/her/it
复数:
主格:we/you/they
宾格:us/you/them
2)人称代词的主格和宾格:通常主格作主语,宾格作宾语。如:
I liketable tennis. (作主语)
Do youknow him?(作宾语)
3)人称代词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。如:
---Who isknocking at the door?
---It’sme.
4)人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时,用主格和宾格都可以。如:
He isolder than me.
He isolder than I am.
2.物主代词
1)表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性。
形容词性物主代词:my/your/his/her/its/our/your/their
名词性物主代词:mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/yours/theirs
2)形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词,可在句中作定语。例如:
Ourteacher is coming to see us.
This isher pencil-box.
3)名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词,在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。
Ourschool is here, and theirs is there.(作主语)
---Isthis English-book yours? (作表语)
--- No, mineis in my bag.
I'vealready finished my homework. Have you finished yours? (作宾语)
3指示代词
指示代词包括:this,that,these,those。
1) this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人,that和those则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人,例如:
This is apen and that is a pencil.
We arebusy these days.
In thosedays the workers had a hard time.
2)有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物,this 和these则是指下面将要讲到的事物,例如:
I had acold. that's why I didn't come.
What Iwant to say is this; pronunciation is very important in learning English.
3)有时为了避免重复提到的名词,常可用that或those代替,例如:
Televisionsets made in Beijingare just as good as those made in shanghai.
4)this 在电话用语中代表自己,that 则代表对方。例如:
Hello! Thisis Mary. Is that Jack speaking?
4反身代词
英语中用来表示"我自己","你自己","他自己","我们自己","你们自己"等意义的代词称为反身代词。
人称单数:myself 复数:ourselves
人称单数:yourself 复数:yourselves
第三人称单数:himself/herself/itself 复数:themselves
反身代词可以在句中作宾语,表语,同位语。
1)作宾语,表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者,主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。
He calledhimself a writer.
Would youplease express yourself in English?
2)作表语。
Itdoesn't matter. I'll be myself soon.
The girlin the news is myself.
3)作主语或宾语的同位语,表示亲自或本人。
I myselfwashed the clothes.(=I washed the clothes myself.)(作主语同位语)
Youshould ask the teacher himself.(作宾语同位语)
5.不定代词
不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词,在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语。现将几个常用的不定代词举例说明如下:
A. some与any的区别
1).some多用于肯定句,表示“一些,几个”作形容词时,后面可以接①不可数名词+单数动词;②可数名词+复数动词。
Look! Someof the students are cleaning the library.
Some ricein the bag has been sold out.
2).any多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中,表示“一些,任何”用作形容词时,后面可以接①不可数名词+单数动词;②可数名词+复数动词。
If youhave any questions, please ask me.
Thereisn't any orange in the bottle.
Have yougot any tea?
3).any和some也可以作代词用,表示“一些”。any多用于疑问句或否定句中,some多用于肯定句中。
How manypeople can you see in the picture?
I can'tsee any.
If youhave no money, I'll lend you some.
注意:与some, any结合的词如something,somebody, someone, anything, anyone, anybody在肯定句、否定句、疑问句、条件句中的用法,大致和some, any的用法相同。
B.few, a few, little, a little在用法上的区别
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